Instead of Thrown, Spears Were Planted in the Ground to Kill a Charging Mammoth

Researchers recreate Ice Age hunting techniques to show that spears were probably braced against the ground rather than thrown at massive mammoths.

By Paul Smaglik
Aug 21, 2024 7:15 PMAug 21, 2024 7:18 PM
Replica Clovis points
Clovis points are distinguishable, in part, due to their distinctive flute or channel flake scar near the base, as shown in these replicas. UC Berkeley researchers studied how the points functioned as part of a system and were used to bring down megafauna in the Ice Age. (Credit: Courtesy of Scott Byram)

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Imagine being charged by a woolly mammoth. You hold a wooden spear with a razor-sharp stone tip. Do you hurl it at the 10,000-pound animal and hope it pierces its thick leathery skin? Or do you stay put, plant the base into the ground and trust that the beast will impale itself?

The conventional wisdom — both scientific and cultural — has long favored the first version. But archeological evidence and an experimental approach shows that the second may have been more realistic and common during the Ice Age, according to a study in PLOS ONE.

What are Clovis Points?

The study drew on nearly 100 years of archeology, starting with the Clovis point. Clovis points are stones shaped into arrowheads or spearheads with razor-sharp edges and fluted indentations. They are named for Clovis, New Mexico, where the stones were first discovered almost a century ago.

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