Ancient Sea Cow Fossil Shows Rare Evidence of an Attack by Multiple Predators

Different kinds of bite marks link crocodile hunting style millions of years ago to contemporary methods.

By Paul Smaglik
Aug 29, 2024 9:00 PMAug 30, 2024 2:08 PM
Sea Cow Attack
Illustration of an ancient crocodile attacking a sea cow and drowning it with a 'death roll.' (CREDIT: Jaime Bran Sarmiento)

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Aquatic animals delivered a one-two predatory punch millions of years ago. A combination of different teeth marks on “sea cow” bones show that a crocodile snatched the creature’s skull and drowned it with a “death roll”— essentially rotating underwater while grasping the sea cow in its jaws. When the croc was done dining, sharks showed up to finish the leftovers.

The study, in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, provides a rare example of a creature being attacked by two different predators during the Early to Middle Miocene epoch (23 million to 11.6 million years ago).

Fossils Reveal Predatory Behavior in Crocodiles

This example is significant because it draws a clear link to similar predatory behavior that still exists. And it is rare because an initial attack, followed by secondary scavenging, rarely leaves much evidence. “Examples of multiple predation, in general, are hard to find because most scavengers tear animals to shreds,” says Aldo Benites Palomino, the lead author of the study, who performed the work as part of his Ph.D. research at the University of Zurich.

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